城市建成环境对居民体力活动的影响 ——以福州市的经验研究为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张延吉  陈小辉  赵立珍  马妍 《地理科学》2019,39(5):779-787

利用福州中心城区的社会调查、POI、道路网、用地性质等数据,在社区尺度探究城市建成环境对居民休闲型中高强度体力活动的影响。研究发现：① 低密度土地利用与体力活动时长呈正向关联,功能单一和邻近主干道则对体力活动起到抑制作用。② 体力活动目的地对不同人群具有差异化影响,体育用地和付费运动场所仅能促进中高阶层和中高收入者的体力活动,而周边公共运动设施的丰富程度更具普适性意义。③ 通过纳入运动偏好和单独分析保障房、单位大院及房改房住户达到规避居住自选择的目的,证明上述建成环境特征对体力活动的影响是独立且稳健的。  相似文献   

施肥对新垦绿洲风沙土肥力及碳积累的影响     

苏永中  杨荣  刘婷娜 《中国沙漠》2019,39(3):1-6

利用2005年安排在临泽边缘绿洲沙地农田的长期施肥定位试验，研究不同用量有机肥、化肥、有机肥和化肥配施对绿洲沙地土壤肥力及有机碳积累的影响。试验包括高量有机肥单施（M3），氮磷化肥单施（NP3），低、中、高量氮磷钾化肥单施（NPK1，NPK2，NPK3），及低、中、高量氮磷钾化肥配施高、中、低量有机肥9个处理（NPK1M3，NPK2M2，NPK3M1），测定分析10年后不同施肥处理耕层（0~20 cm）土壤物理化学性状特征及有机碳动态。结果表明：施有机肥及有机无机配施处理较单施化肥处理容重下降0.13 g·cm^-3，田间持水量提高6.7%，单施有机肥、有机无机配施较单施化肥，土壤有机碳（SOC）和全氮含量分别提高64.8%、36.3%和64.9%、49.5%。高量施用氮磷化肥和氮磷钾化肥处理全磷含量最高，有机肥及有机无机配施较单施化肥有效氮含量显著增加，有机无机配施及高量施用磷肥土壤有效磷积累明显，高量施用有机肥能显著提升有效钾含量。连续施肥处理10年后，SOC含量提高了1.68~2.84倍，土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮及有效磷均有一定程度的提高，但单施化肥及有机肥与氮磷化肥配施有效钾含量下降。SOC的积累速率单施化肥、有机无机配施，单施有机肥处理分别为0.27、0.59，0.87 g·kg^-1·a^-1。增施有机肥、适量减少化肥投入、氮磷钾化肥的平衡施用是绿洲沙地农田土壤肥力持续提升的施肥管理对策。  相似文献   

Tectonostratigraphic framework and depositional history of the deepwater Ulleung Basin,East Sea/Sea of Japan     

Kyoung-Jin Kim  Dong-Geun Yoo  Nyeon-Keon Kang  Bo-Yeon Yi 《Basin Research》2020,32(4):613-635

The Ulleung Basin, East Sea/Japan Sea, is a Neogene back-arc basin and occupies a tectonically crucial zone under the influence of relative motions between Eurasian, Pacific and Philippine Sea plates. However, the link between tectonics and sedimentation remains poorly understood in the back-arc Ulleung Basin, as it does in many other back-arc basins as well, because of a paucity of seismic data and controversy over the tectonic history of the basin. This paper presents an integrated tectonostratigraphic and sedimentary evolution in the deepwater Ulleung Basin using 2D multichannel seismic reflection data. The sedimentary succession within the deepwater Ulleung Basin is divided into four second-order seismic megasequences (MS1 to MS4). Detailed seismic stratigraphy interpretation of the four megasequences suggests the depositional history of the deepwater Ulleung Basin occurred in four stages, controlled by tectonic movement, volcanism, and sea-level fluctuations. In Stage 1 (late Oligocene through early Miocene), syn-rift sediment supplied to the basin was restricted to the southern base-of-slope, whereas the northern distal part of the basin was dominated by volcanic sills and lava flows derived from initial rifting-related volcanism. In Stage 2 (late early Miocene through middle Miocene), volcanic extrusion occurred through post-rift, chain volcanism in the earliest time, followed by hemipelagic and turbidite sedimentation in a quiescent open marine setting. In Stage 3 (late middle Miocene through late Miocene), compressional activity was predominant throughout the Ulleung Basin, resulting in regional uplift and sub-aerial erosion/denudation of the southern shelf of the basin, which provided enormous volumes of sediment into the basin through mass transport processes. In Stage 4 (early Pliocene through present), although the degree of tectonic stress decreased significantly, mass movement was still generated by sea-level fluctuations as well as compressional tectonic movement, resulting in stacked mass transport deposits along the southern basin margin. We propose a new depositional history model for the deepwater Ulleung Basin and provide a window into understanding how tectonic, volcanic and eustatic interactions control sedimentation in back-arc basins.  相似文献   

Spatial Characteristics and Controlling Factors of the Strikeslip Fault Zones in the Northern Slope of Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin: Insight from 3D Seismic Data     

HAN Xiaoying  TANG Liangjie  DENG Shang  CAO Zicheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):516-529

The detailed characteristics of the Paleozoic strike-slip fault zones developed in the northern slope of Tazhong uplift are closely related to hydrocarbon explorations. In this study, five major strike-slip fault zones that cut through the Cambrian-Middle Devonian units are identified, by using 3D seismic data. Each of the strike-slip fault zones is characterized by two styles of deformation, namely deeper strike-slip faults and shallower en-echelon faults. By counting the reverse separation of the horizon along the deeper faults, activity intensity on the deeper strike-slip faults in the south is stronger than that on the northern ones. The angle between the strike of the shallower en-echelon normal faults and the principal displacement zone(PDZ) below them is likely to have a tendency to decrease slightly from the south to the north, which may indicate that activity intensity on the shallower southern en-echelon faults is stronger than that on the northern ones. Comparing the reverse separation along the deeper faults and the fault throw of the shallower faults, activity intensity of the Fault zone S1 is similar across different layers, while the activity intensity of the southern faults is larger than that of the northern ones. It is obvious that both the activity intensity of the same layer in different fault zones and different layers in the same fault zone have a macro characteristic in that the southern faults show stronger activity intensity than the northern ones. The Late Ordovician décollement layer developed in the Tazhong area and the peripheral tectonic events of the Tarim Basin have been considered two main factors in the differential deformation characteristics of the strike-slip fault zones in the northern slope of Tazhong uplift. They controlled the differences in the multi-level and multi-stage deformations of the strike-slip faults, respectively. In particular, peripheral tectonic events of the Tarim Basin were the dynamic source of the formatting and evolution of the strike-slip fault zones, and good candidates to accommodate the differential activity intensity of these faults.  相似文献   

关键金属元素分析测试技术方法应用进展   总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2  

李超  王登红  屈文俊  孟会明  周利敏  樊兴涛  李欣尉  赵鸿  温宏利  孙鹏程 《岩矿测试》2020,39(5):658-669

以稀有、稀散、稀土、铂族元素为主体的战略性关键金属矿产资源,在新材料、新能源和信息技术等新兴产业中发挥着越来越关键的作用。随着我国关键矿产资源地质调查的不断深入,关键金属元素以其赋存基体复杂、不同矿物含量差异大、化学性质不稳定等特点对分析测试技术提出了新的挑战。本文根据化学组成不同,对关键金属元素主要赋存基体进行了分类,主要分为硅酸盐、碳酸盐、硫酸盐、钨酸盐、磷酸盐、氧化物、硫化物、卤化物等。对于不同的基体岩石矿物,通常采用酸溶法(硝酸-氢氟酸组合、王水)或碱熔法等传统溶样方法进行化学消解。评述了当前关键金属元素测试常用的电子探针、电感耦合等离子体质谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、X射线荧光光谱等仪器的特点及应用,总结了关键金属元素分析过程中出现的样品难溶解、回收率不完全、测试过程氧化物和同质异位素干扰、样品和标准基体不一致等常见问题,并提出了相应的解决方案。微区原位分析凭借其高效率、低成本、高空间分辨率的优势,以及野外现场分析凭借其简单快速、贴近野外工作的特点是关键金属元素测试技术发展的主要趋势。  相似文献   

井喷关井水击分析及水击波速计算          下载免费PDF全文

史富全 《探矿工程》2020,47(11):37-43

油气井发生溢流或井喷后，立即关闭防喷器，关井期间防喷器需经受关井产生的水击压力作用。本文在对井喷关井水击的传播物理特征分析的基础上，推导直接关井水击压力计算公式，综合考虑井筒流体含气率、气液两相流型、固相类型等对水击波速的影响，推导水击波在气、液、固三相混合流体中传播速度计算公式，并通过算例对水击波速影响因素进行分析。计算表明水击波速对含气率变化非常敏感，钻井液含气率在0～0.001的时候，水击波速几乎是发生了突变，水击波速在含气率为0.001时仅为385 m/s，相比纯钻井液情况下降了67%，而钻井液固相含量、套管的内径和壁厚对水击波传播速度影响较小。  相似文献   

西藏樟木口岸震后滑坡灾害变形InSAR监测分析     

韩冬建  杨成生  董继红 《地质力学学报》2020,26(4):565-574

位于中国和尼泊尔边境的西藏樟木口岸是国家一类陆路通商口岸，也是西藏最大的边贸中心口岸。2015年尼泊尔大地震之后，西藏樟木口岸因多次发生滑坡灾害，而导致口岸关闭。为了调查樟木口岸区域滑坡灾害的分布和变形情况及更好的服务于区域减灾防灾，利用InSAR技术对覆盖该区域的Sentinel-1A和ALOS-2两种卫星影像数据进行了处理，并通过分析视线向年均形变速率图，圈定了17处疑似滑坡，并对其中的5处典型滑坡进行时间序列形变特征分析，监测识别出的滑坡基本沿318国道所在一侧的波曲河左岸分布。InSAR调查结果表明受地震影响樟木地区的滑坡多分布在沿波曲河左岸的陡峭山体上，中尼公路迪斯岗至友谊桥段的古滑坡出现了局部复活的现象，同时樟木镇居民所在的城区也发育有扎美拉山危岩体崩塌滑坡灾害。   相似文献   

Effects of current climate,paleo-climate,and habitat heterogeneity in determining biogeographical patterns of evergreen broad-leaved woody plants in China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Xu  Yue  Shen  Zehao  Ying  Lingxiao  Zang  Runguo  Jiang  Youxu 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(7):1142-1158

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Understanding biogeographic patterns and the mechanisms underlying them has been a main issue in macroecology and biogeography, and has implications for...  相似文献   

基于水化学特征的“奥灰”地热流体水文地球化学演化机制研究——以济南东部章宁1地热井为例          下载免费PDF全文

程洪柱  成世才  王振涛 《山东国土资源》2019,35(8)

以章宁1地热井的研究为例,在分析地热水水文地球化学特征基础上,对地热水的化学成分形成进行了研究,并通过与相对补给径流区的西曹范、章桃1地下水水化学特征的比较,研究其演化机理。综合分析认为地热水为沉积岩溶滤水,属于中度变质水,地下水流经火成岩侵入体时溶解了大量的Cl~-及F~-,HSiO~-_3等微量元素,次为地下水与沿文祖断裂上升的深部热液的混合,导致地热水化学类型的改变。深部热液的水化学成分与济南东地热水与深部热液的混合比例有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

网络大数据下的中国现代食甜习惯空间分布特征及其影响因素研究     

姚可桢  岳书平 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(6):1202-1215

饮食地理文化作为地域文化中最具地方特色的重要元素,在现代人口大规模流动背景下呈现出全新的多样化局面,而基于传统认知的“南甜北咸”的地域分异已然不能代表中国现代食甜分布的空间特征。因此,本文采用网络爬虫技术,获取我国大陆31个省会城市共计约2000万条美食消费数据,从传统类菜品、主食类菜品、饮料类和甜品类菜品4个方面计算城市食甜度,在ArcGIS、MySQL软件支持下,借助GIS空间分析和数理统计方法探究我国现代食甜习惯的空间分布特征,分析影响食甜分布的因素。研究发现：① 中国食甜在空间分布上存在显著的地域分异特征,聚类分析评价参数R ²高达0.88,现代食甜习惯总体呈现“东高北中,西微内低”的包围式格局;② 从整体抑或局部角度,在1%显著性水平上莫兰指数均为正,中国食甜分布呈现显著的空间正相关关系,形成特色鲜明的3个地理集聚区,即以苏浙沪闽为主的东南沿海高甜集聚区,以渝黔川为主的西南内陆低甜集聚区和以陕宁为主的西北内陆低甜集聚区;③ 构建了中国现代食甜习惯分布影响因素模型,其拟合精度为0.82,分析结果显示降水、湿度、气温等气象要素及地理位置是影响现代我国食甜空间分布的重要因素。  相似文献